• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Illuminated glazing comprising a panel having two opposite faces (5, 7) and at least one elongated light guide (9) comprising a core (92) surrounded by a sheath (91) having a higher refractive index than the sheath ( 91) and capable of guiding light along the longitudinal dimension of said guide (9). Said guide (9) comprises at least one light diffusing element (94) adapted to diffuse the guided light in the heart (92), in a distributed manner along its longitudinal dimension, and to act as a side-emitting light guide when the light is injected into one of its end faces. The light guide (9) extends along the faces (5, 7) and is disposed on one face (5). The light diffusing region (94) is spaced from said face (5) and the light guided through the core (92) and diffused over the light diffusing element (94) and laterally exiting the light guide ( 9) enters the transparent panel through this face (5) and can be transmitted through the panel to the opposite face (7). Figure for the abstract: Fig 2
    公开号:FR3092048A1
    申请号:FR2000803
    申请日:2020-01-28
    公开日:2020-07-31
    发明作者:Stephan Schabacker；Bernd Wölfing；Eric Senner
    申请人:Schott AG；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The present invention relates generally to lighting, in particular for decorative purposes or in the form of a display element. More particularly, the invention relates to lighting with linear light emission.
    [0002] Linear lighting devices are used as design elements for decorative highlighting of contours, among other things. For example, DE 20 2018 103 669 U1 discloses a light pipe which extends around the periphery of the opening of a trim element which surrounds a sunroof opening and is held in place by a support or a pillar . The light pipe extends into a space between the headliner and the roof. However, if the width of the gap or gap between the light pipe and the edge of the headliner is irregular, this will be accentuated by the resulting inhomogeneity in brightness.
    [0003] Document WO 2013/093301 A1 discloses an illuminating glazing for vehicles, comprising two sheets of glass spaced apart from each other. Light is injected into the inward facing edge of the sheet from an arrangement of light emitting diodes spaced from the edge. However, in this arrangement, stray light can pass through the glass sheet and penetrate inside. In addition, point LEDs can cause uneven lighting.
    [0004] Document DE 10 2014 100 838 A1 describes a cover for a motor vehicle roof. The cover serves as a light guide. To this end, it consists of a stack of layers comprising two sheets which are bonded to each other by an adhesive, the refractive indices of the adhesive and of the second sheet being different. A light source is attached to an edge of the first sheet and protrudes relative to the second sheet and injects light into the edge of the second sheet. Edge injection requires high optical quality of the edge. Separate light sources can also cause inhomogeneities in light emission in space.
    [0005] A device intended to close an opening in a vehicle roof is known from document WO 2014/202526 A1, the device comprising a transparent panel, a light guide film arranged on the panel, on an underside of the panel facing to the passenger compartment, into which light from a light source of the device can be injected, and which is configured to emit the injected light into the passenger compartment. However, injecting light into the edge of a film requires that the film and the light source be exactly aligned.
    [0006] Document EP 0 856 615 A2 describes a glass component intended for the passive lighting of interior spaces, by directing the light. The glass component includes at least one transparent panel that is bonded to two sheets of glass on its major surfaces. The glass component further includes a first planar light deflecting member which injects incident light beams into the panel at an angle such that total internal reflection occurs at the interfaces between the panel and the glass sheets. It further comprises a second light deflecting element which is disposed at a certain distance from the first light deflecting element and which serves to emit light beams from the panel.
    [0007] From document WO 2017/153331 A1, a composite panel is known which comprises an outer panel and an inner panel, which are bonded to each other by an intermediate layer. A light-diffusing glass fiber capable of diffusing light through its side wall along its length is disposed portionwise between the intermediate layer and the outer panel and between the intermediate layer and the outer panel. interior and extends through at least one opening in the intermediate layer. However, this requires complex assembly and fixing during lamination. The diameter of the optical fiber is limited by the thickness of the intermediate layer. In order to achieve sufficient coupling efficiency, a laser is proposed as the light source. However, this means that the lighting is limited to monochrome applications.
    [0008] Document WO 2017/029254 A1 discloses a laminated side panel for a side window of a vehicle, comprising an outer panel and an inner panel which are bonded to each other by an intermediate layer, the intermediate layer having, at the less in some portions, a cutout relative to an edge of the panel.
    [0009] A light-diffusing optical fiber is at least partially disposed in the area of the cutout between the outer panel and the inner panel. Again, the thickness of the optical fiber is limited by the thickness of the intermediate layer, which leads to disadvantages similar to those of 2017/153331 A1. When injected into the edge of a glass plate or a film, as is the case in all the prior techniques described above, with the exception of DE 20 2018 103669 U1, the Resultant illumination consists of light that is emitted over a large area. As a result, the illumination appears darker than with more concentrated illumination of the same light intensity. In addition, inhomogeneities in or on the panel act as scattering centers, which leads to point light emission and thus also to an inhomogeneous light field.
    [0010] Given these known illuminations of the state of the art, it is therefore necessary to improve the luminance and the homogeneity of the arrangement. On the other hand, complex installations are best avoided, especially to avoid stray light or unwanted backlighting of gaps. In addition, some systems require relatively large installation space.
    [0011] The object of the invention is therefore to provide illuminated glazing which is less critical in terms of adjustment of the light source during manufacture and which provides uniform light emission in the intended light field.
    [0012] Consequently, a luminous glazing is provided which comprises a transparent panel in the visible spectral range and having two opposite faces, and at least one elongated light guide, the light guide comprising a core surrounded by a sheath, the core having a higher refractive index than the sheath, so the core is able to guide light along the longitudinal dimension of the light guide. The light guide has at least one light scattering area, so that it is adapted so that the light guided into the core is distributed distributed over its longitudinal dimension. Thus, when light is injected into one of its end faces, it acts as a side-emitting light guide, thus forming a linear light source. The light guide extends along the faces and is arranged on one face so that the light diffusion zone is spaced from this face and the light guided into the core and diffused on the diffusion zone of the light coming out laterally from the light guide enters the transparent panel via this face and can be transmitted through the panel towards the opposite face. The light diffusing zone is preferably disposed at least partially inside the light guide, so that it can interact with the light guided into the core. In particular, the light scattering zone can also be located at least partially inside the heart. Alternatively, or additionally, light diffusing elements may also be located at the interface between the core and the sheath.
    [0013] The distance between the light scattering area and the face is in a range from 0.5 to 0.95 times the diameter of the light guide, preferably in a range from 100 micrometers to 3 millimeters.
    [0014] It is particularly advantageous when the transparent panel is a glass panel or comprises glass, for example in the form of a laminate. However, other materials can be used. Besides glass, transparent plastics are worth considering.
    [0015] This arrangement with injection of light through one face of the panel has the advantage of being less sensitive to the tolerances of the assembly as regards the homogeneity of the light intensity. Another advantage over edge injection is that no additional or specially designed installation space is required at the edge. Thus, the glazing design is more compact and also compatible to a large extent with non-illuminated glazing.
    [0016] In the context of the present disclosure, the terms "elongated" and "linear" relating to the light guide do not mean that the light guide must be laid in a straight line. On the contrary, according to one of the embodiments of the invention, it is provided that the light guide extends over the transparent panel with one or more changes of direction in its longitudinal dimension. An elongated light guide generally refers to a light guide that has a large longitudinal extent relative to its cross-section, such as a fiber or a rod. The light guide transmits light along the core, along its longitudinal dimension, like a light-conducting fiber. The linear light source may also appear as a line of light to the observer and may also extend as a curve.
    [0017] The light guide can be attached to the glazing by form fitting, by friction or by bonding materials. According to one embodiment, it is provided that the light guide is glued to the face of the transparent panel using a transparent adhesive, so that the light emitted laterally by the light guide is directed towards the face through the adhesive. Thus, in addition to the mechanical fixing, the adhesive at the same time ensures the optical coupling between the light guide and the transparent panel. Attachment with an adhesive usually defines a cohesive bond or adhesion by materials, but can also be a positive fit, for example if the light guide is completely embedded in the adhesive. An example of a suitable adhesive is silicone, which is particularly suitable for bonding to glass. However, other adhesives, such as synthetic resins in general, can also be used. A UV-curable adhesive is suitable, for example, for quick assembly. On the other hand, the bonding can be made in such a way that it can be detached, for example to allow the replacement of the light guide.
    [0018] To achieve the objectives targeted by the present invention, the term “face of the transparent panel” is understood to mean a surface of the panel which faces outwards. An internal interface between two layers of a panel in laminate form therefore does not represent such a face. An example would be the inner surface of a double-walled safety glass panel, which is bonded to the other glass panel by a layer of plastic. Thus, the face on which the light guide is mounted is accessible from the outside.
    [0019] Unlike the panel according to WO 2017/029254 A1, for example, the steps of manufacturing the panel and fixing the light guide can be separated from each other. Also, there is no limitation to laminated glasses. Consequently, there is also proposed a process for the production of a luminous glazing according to the invention, which comprises the preparation of a panel, which is transparent in the visible spectral range and which has two opposite faces, and of at least one elongated light guide, the light guide comprising a core surrounded by a sheath, the core having a higher refractive index than the sheath, such that the core is able to guide light along the longitudinal dimension of the light guide; the light guide comprising at least one light diffusing zone, such that the light guided into the core is distributed in a distributed manner over its longitudinal extent, so that when the light is injected into one of its end faces, it acts as a lateral emission light guide and constitutes a linear light source; the light guide being arranged and fixed on a face of the transparent panel, such that the light guide extends along the faces and that the light diffusion zone is spaced from this face, so that the light guided in the core and diffused on the light diffusing element and exiting laterally from the light guide enters the transparent panel, through the face, and is transmitted through the panel towards the opposite face. Thus, it is possible to first supply a panel of almost any type of design and then attach the light guide to it.
    [0020] Preferably, the light guide has a thickness in the range from 200 μm to 3 mm. Smaller diameters, up to about 500 µm, are particularly suitable in combination with lasers as light sources. Larger thicknesses make it possible to achieve sufficient light intensities with other light sources, in particular light-emitting diodes.
    [0021] For example, the light guide has at least one of the following characteristics:
    [0022] - the light-scattering element comprises at least one internal core, extending into the core, along the longitudinal dimension of the light guide, and is preferably made of a light-scattering glass;
    [0023] - the light guide has pores as light diffusing elements;
    [0024] - the light guide comprises crystallites or particles as light scattering elements;
    [0025] - the light guide includes phase-separated regions as light diffusing elements.
    [0026] For example, the light guide is glued to the face of the transparent panel by a transparent adhesive, so that the light emitted laterally from the light guide is directed through the adhesive towards the face.
    [0027] For example, a transparent optical coupling means is provided between the light guide and the surface of the panel and establishes a separable connection between the panel and the light guide.
    [0028] For example, the light guide has a non-circular cross-section, in particular a truncated polygonal or ellipsoidal or truncated parabolic cross-sectional profile.
    [0029] For example, the light guide has a flattened sheath portion which defines a contact surface of the light guide on the transparent panel.
    [0030] For example, the light guide has a diameter in the range from 200 µm to 3 mm.
    [0031] For example, a ratio between the diameter of the light guide and the thickness of the transparent panel is in the range of 0.01 to 5, preferably in the range of 0.02 to 2.5.
    [0032] For example, the transparent panel has a thickness ranging from 1 mm to 20 mm, preferably from 2.5 mm to 8 mm.
    [0033] For example, the distance between the light scattering area and the face is in the range of 100 micrometers to 3 millimeters.
    [0034] For example, the light guide sheath has a reflective coating that is applied to influence the light distribution in the space.
    [0035] For example, the light guide extends across the face along a line that is curved at least in some portions.
    [0036] For example, the light guide is coupled to the face, so that a ratio between the luminous flux emanating directly from the light guide and radiated by the glazing, without total internal reflection in the panel, and the luminous flux emitted by the light guide remote panel, after total internal reflection, is within a range from I direct /I remote = 0.01 to I direct /I remote = 500, preferably within the range from I direct / I remote = 0.3 to I direct / I remote = 10.
    [0037] For example, the intensity of the light leaving the panel, at a distance from the light guide, decreases by a factor of 1/e within a distance, said distance being at most 50 times the diameter of the guide from light.
    [0038] For example, the light guide is optically coupled to the face, so that part of the light emitted laterally by the light guide enters the transparent panel, so that it is guided into the panel by total internal reflection.
    [0039] For example, the transparent panel has light exit elements which cause, at least partially, that the light guided by total internal reflection in the panel changes direction, preferably by diffusion, so that the light exits of the panel, or which are excited by the light guided in the panel, so as to emit light by fluorescence or phosphorescence.
    [0040] For example, the glazing comprises a semiconductor light emitter coupled to the light guide.
    [0041] For example, the transparent panel has a curvature and the light guide is placed on it so as to follow the curvature of the face.
    [0042] For example, a radius of curvature of the panel, along the light guide, is at least 500 times greater than the radius of the light guide.
    [0043] For example, the light guide is arranged on the face, at a distance from the edge of the transparent panel.
    [0044] For example, the light guide is a single optical fiber or a fiber bundle comprising a plurality of side-emitting optical fibers.
    [0045] For example, a light blocking element is provided on the side of the transparent panel opposite the light guide, which at least partially blocks the light transmitted by the light guide through the transparent panel, to prevent it from exiting through the opposite side.
    [0046] For example, the light blocking element is implemented as a light deflecting element that at least partially redirects incident light in another direction, bouncing it back into the transparent panel.
    [0047] For example, the light guide is arranged in such a way or is optically coupled to the transparent panel in such a way that the emitted light has a preferred direction which is oblique with respect to the surface normal of the face.
    [0048] For example, the glazing comprises a profiled support which is connected to the transparent panel and which maintains the light guide in contact with the face or at a distance from it.
    [0049] For example, at least part of the edge of the transparent panel is adapted to reflect light, so that the light guided inside the panel, by total internal reflection, and incident on the edge is reflected and returned to the panel.
    [0050] For example, one of the faces has a groove in which the light guide is placed.
    [0051] For example, the glazing is in the form of exterior glazing, vehicle glazing, in particular vehicle roof glazing, or building glazing.
    [0052] According to another aspect, the invention relates to a method of manufacturing luminous glazing as described above. The process includes:
    [0053] - the preparation of a panel, which is transparent in the visible spectral range and which comprises two opposite faces, and of at least one elongated light guide, the light guide comprising a core surrounded by a sheath, the core having a higher refractive index than the sheath, so that the core is able to guide light along the longitudinal dimension of the light guide; the light guide comprising at least one light diffusing element, such that light guided into the core is distributed in a distributed fashion along its longitudinal dimension, such that when light is injected into one from its end faces, it acts as a lateral emission light guide and constitutes a linear light source; and
    [0054] - the positioning and fixing of the light guide on one face of the transparent panel, so that the light guide extends along the faces and that the light diffusion zone is spaced from said face, so so that the light guided in the core and diffused on the light diffusion element and exiting laterally from the light guide enters the transparent panel, through said face, and is transmitted through the panel towards the opposite face.
    [0055] For example, the light guide is glued to the transparent panel using a transparent adhesive or is introduced into a groove of a profiled support to be fixed.
    [0056] For example, the transparent panel is curved and then the light guide is arranged on the face following the curvature of the latter.
    [0057] The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, identical references designate identical elements or equivalent elements.
    [0058] shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of a glazing;
    [0059] shows examples of glazing in section;
    [0060] shows a sectional view of another embodiment, in which the light guide is fixed in a support;
    [0061] represents a passenger compartment with luminous glazing;
    [0062] shows another embodiment with a light guide fixed in a support;
    [0063] shows a variant of the embodiment of FIGURE 5, with an array of prisms to deflect light;
    [0064] shows embodiments in which the shape of the light guide is adapted to the transparent panel;
    [0065] shows other examples of special shapes of light guides;
    [0066] shows examples in which the emission from the light guide has a preferred direction which is oblique to the transparent panel;
    [0067] represents a glazing comprising a curved panel;
    [0068]
    [0069]
    [0070] show embodiments with a groove in the face to accommodate the light guide.
    [0071] FIGURE 1 shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of a glazing 1. The glazing 1 comprises a panel 3 which is transparent in the visible spectral range. The panel 3 has two opposite faces 5, 7 which are delimited by an edge 31 and which can also be called main surfaces.
    [0072] In order to make the glazing luminous, a light guide 9 is provided. As can be seen in examples (a) and (b) of FIGURE 2, the light guide 9 has a core 92 which is surrounded by a sheath 91. The core 92 has a higher refractive index than the sheath 91, so that light can be guided into the core 92 along the longitudinal dimension 93 of the light guide 9. On the other hand, the light guide 9 comprises at least one light diffusion zone 94. The light guided in the core 92 is diffused in this light diffusion zone, in a distributed manner over the longitudinal dimension, and can therefore exit when the angle criticism of total internal reflection is exceeded. Therefore, when light is injected into one of the end faces 95, 96, the light guide acts as a linear or wire light source.
    [0073] According to a preferred embodiment of the glazing 1, provision is made for the light diffusing element 94 to comprise at least one internal core 940 extending into the core 92, along the longitudinal dimension of the light guide 9 This inner core 940 may preferably be light diffusing glass. This embodiment makes it possible to produce a particularly fine light source. In addition, since the light emission is focused on the threadlike core 940, the light source additionally appears brighter. Light guides of this type and their manufacture have been described in detail in DE 10 2012 208 810 A1. The object of this document is incorporated in its entirety into the present application as regards the design, manufacture and properties of these light guides comprising one or more light scattering cores. More generally, without being limited to the illustrated example or to light guides having an internal light-diffusing core 940, in accordance with another embodiment of the invention, the light-diffusing zone 94 may be constituted glass having scattering particles which are embedded therein and which have been generated by segregation or by phase separation. These light-scattering particles are also present in side-emitting light guides according to DE 10 2012 208 810 A1.
    [0074] A method which can be used to produce a light guide 9 of this type, provided with a thin internal light-diffusing core, as described in DE 10 2012 208 810 A1, comprises the arrangement of a plurality light guide rods, consisting of a glass having the refractive index n1, and at least one scattering rod made of a glass containing scattering centers, such that the axes of the light guide and at least one scattering rod extend parallel to each other, at least substantially, to obtain a preform, and includes heating the preform and stretching it to forming a glass member or a side-emitting light guide, so that the outer circumferential surfaces of the light guide rods inseparably combine with each other and with the diffusion rod, at least one in number.
    [0075] As can be seen in FIGURES 1 and 2, the light guide 9 extends along the faces 5, 7 and is arranged on one face, here face 5. In this way, the diffusion element of the lumen 94 is spaced from face 5. In example (a) of FIGURE 2, the spacing is denoted by "d1", which in this example represents the distance between inner core 940 and face 5. If the light guided in the core 92 and diffused on the light diffusing element 94 is emitted laterally from the light guide 9, it can enter the transparent panel 3 from the face 5 and can be transmitted through the panel 3 to the opposite face 7. Two light rays 19, 20 are shown in FIGURE 2 for clarity. The light rays come from the internal light scattering core 940, leave the outer surface of the light guide 9 and enter the panel 3 through the face 5. The light beam 20 passes through the panel 3 at a relatively accentuated angle, of so that it can exit on the opposite face 7. The other light beam enters the panel 3 at a lower angle, so that it is guided inside the panel 3 by total internal reflection. The distance d1 is preferably situated in a range extending from 0.5 to 0.95 times the diameter of the light guide, in particular in the range extending from 100 micrometers to 3 millimeters. In particular in the case of a light guide having a central internal core diffusing the light, this distance generally corresponds to about half the diameter of the light guide.
    [0076] According to another embodiment, which is also implemented in the examples of FIGURES 1 and 2(a), the light guide 9 is placed on the face 5, at a distance from the edge 31 of the transparent panel 3. Unlike that, in example (b) of FIGURE 2, the light guide 9 is arranged and fixed on or above the edge 31. An arrangement as in this example (b) can be advantageous to allow injection of the light into the panel also through the edge 31, for example with an appropriate optical coupling. However, a distance denoted by "d2" in the example of FIGURE 2(a) is advantageous, since this arrangement makes it possible to easily mount the light guide 9 on the transparent panel 3. Another particular advantage lies in the fact that a distance d2 between the edge 31 and the outer contour of the light guide makes it possible to easily install the glazing 1. With such a distance, it is possible to easily use frames with existing or standardized edges for the glazing, without there is a need for a major transformation.
    [0077] Alternatively or in addition to an internal light-scattering core as the light-scattering element, other embodiments are also possible. Pores, especially in the form of bubbles, crystallites or phase separated regions, can also be effective as light scattering elements 94 in the glass. This is shown in example (b) of FIGURE 2. Here, the core 92 of the light guide 9 comprises distributed pores 941 and crystallites or particles 942. Each of these features acts as a scattering element 94. As shown by one of the pores 941, the light scattering elements 94 can also be found at the interface between the core 92 and the sheath 91.
    [0078] The light diffusing element 94, for example the inner core 940, can therefore consist essentially of a matrix of transparent glass, silica glass or glass-ceramic, and the diffusing elements incorporated therein can, in the case of a glass matrix, be pores, particles or, for example, porous or pigmented glass or glass-ceramic elements or, for example, white in color, or glass or glass-ceramic elements comprising inhomogeneities and the crystallites that they contain, in the case of a silica glass matrix, it may be pores, porous silica glass or ceramic or polycrystalline particles, or in the case of a transparent glass-ceramic matrix, it may be pores, particles, or for example porous or pigmented glass or glass-ceramic elements or, for example, white in color, or glass or glass-ceramic elements comprising inhomogeneities and the crystallites they contain take. Combinations of the exemplified diffusion elements can also advantageously be included in the respective matrix. Glass or glass-ceramic inhomogeneities, which may constitute the scattering elements in solutions providing a glass or glass-ceramic matrix, include phase separations, segregations and/or inclusions of particles, seeds and/or particles. crystallites, for example. The concentration of the scattering elements should be within a range from 10 ppm to 1000 ppm and preferably from 20 ppm to 100 ppm. The concentration in ppm relates to the proportion of the scattering particles compared to the mass fraction of the constituents of the respective material in which the scattering particles are incorporated, in particular the plastic matrix, the glass matrix or the silica glass matrix. The respective diffusing elements provided, that is to say for example the pores, the particles, the porous or pigmented glass or vitroceramic elements or for example of white color or containing inhomogeneities and the crystallites which they contain, have preferably a diameter ranging from 10 nm to 1000 nm, preferably in particular from 100 nm to 800 nm.
    [0079] A lighting device 22 is provided to generate the light to be emitted by the light guide 9. It is provided with the light guide 9 to inject the emitted light into one or both end faces 95, 96 of this one. In general, without being limited to the examples illustrated, it is particularly advantageous when the lighting device 22 comprises a semiconductor light emitter 23 which is coupled to the light guide 9 or to one or both faces of end 95, 96 thereof. Possible solid state light emitters 23 include light emitting diodes as well as solid state lasers and possibly diode pumped solid state lasers.
    [0080] Without being limited to the specific examples illustrated in FIGURES 1 and 2, it is envisaged, according to a preferred embodiment, that the light guide 9 is glued to the face 5 of the transparent panel 3 by a transparent adhesive 11, so that the light emitted laterally by the light guide 9 is transmitted to the face 5 through the intermediary of the adhesive 11. Thus, the adhesive 11 is used not only to fix the light guide 9 but also for the optical coupling .
    [0081] According to another embodiment, it is further generally contemplated that the light guide 9 is optically coupled to the face 5, so that part of the light emitted by the light guide 9 is guided in panel 3 by total internal reflection. In particular, as in the example shown, the light guide 9 can be optically coupled to the face 5, so that the light enters the transparent panel 3 in such a way that it is directed in the opposite direction to the light guide 9, by total internal reflection in the panel 3. Thus, the light propagates in the opposite direction to the light guide, so that the emission of light can be distributed on the panel or can occur at a place away from the light guide. This condition is met in particular if the light enters the panel at a sufficiently oblique angle. In the specific embodiment, this coupling is achieved by an adhesive 11 which coats the light guide sufficiently well for the light rays, such as the light ray 19, to reach the face 5 sufficiently obliquely through the adhesive. . The optical bonding of the light guide 9 to the panel 3 is preferably carried out using a transparent adhesive, the refractive indices of the panel 3 and of the adhesive 11 being matched as far as possible. Suitable adhesives are UV curable acrylic adhesive or silicone.
    [0082] This light can then be used to obtain an at least partial or partial two-dimensional lighting effect or, more generally, to emit the light from the glazing at places remote from the light guide. To this end, it is further contemplated, in one embodiment, that the transparent panel 3 comprises light exit elements 15 which cause the light guided by total internal reflection in the panel 3 to change direction, at the less partially, so that the light comes out of the panel 3. This change of direction can be obtained simply by diffusion, and therefore the changes of direction will be random. The light output elements 15 can be attached in a simple manner to one side or to both sides 5, 7, as in the examples of FIGURES 1 and 2. For example, pattern elements of a light diffusing coating patterned are suitable as light emitting elements. Alternatively or additionally, light output elements 15 may be included in the volume of the panel 3. The light beam 19 shown in FIGURE 2 illustrates this case. When it is incident on a light output element 15 on face 5, the light ray 19 is diffused and then falls on the opposite face 7, at a more pronounced angle. With this angle, the light ray is no longer reflected, but leaves panel 3.
    [0083] According to another variant or another embodiment, the light can also be emitted by fluorescence or phosphorescence. To this end, the light output element comprises a phosphor which absorbs the primary light from the light guide and emits fluorescent light of longer wavelength. Therefore, the light output elements are excited to fluorescence or phosphorescence, by the light guided in the panel 3, to emit light. This embodiment is well suited to particular color effects. It is even possible to provide a UV light source as a lighting device. In this case, the light coming directly from the light guide will not or hardly be visible to the observer, and the light output elements will mainly contribute to the illumination.
    [0084] Diameters in the range from 200 µm to 3 mm are particularly suitable for the light guide. In particular, light guides having an internal light-scattering core, as in the examples of FIGURE 2, are preferably chosen to be thicker, especially with a diameter in the range of 1 mm to 3 mm. The preferred thicknesses of the transparent panel 3 are also of the order of a millimeter. Without being limited to the example illustrated or to the type of light guide 9, it is envisaged, in accordance with one embodiment of the glazing 1, that the ratio between the diameter of the light guide 9 and the thickness of the transparent panel 3 is in the range from 0.01 to 5, preferably from 0.02 to 2.5, in particular in the range from 0.2 to 1.5.
    [0085] In a preferred embodiment, the transparent panel generally has a thickness ranging from 1 mm to 20 mm, preferably from 2.5 mm to 8 mm, without being limited to specific examples. Thicker panels, up to 20 mm or possibly even thicker, for example in the range from 5 mm to 50 mm, are preferably used for glazing in the field of architecture. The thinner panels, up to 5 mm, are particularly suitable for vehicle glazing.
    [0086] In general, the light output elements 15 may be structures of a coating that is applied to one face, as in the example of FIGURE 2. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this embodiment does not is not limited to the characteristics of the example of FIGURE 2. For example, the light output elements 15 can also be provided on both sides 5, 7. On the other hand, it is possible to combine different types of light output elements. In addition, the coating can be of a different design. In the example of FIGURE 2, discrete light output elements 15 are provided. However, the light output elements can also be distributed in a continuous coating on one side or on both sides 5, 7.
    [0087] In the example shown, the light guide 9 is glued directly to the panel 3, using the adhesive. However, it may also be advantageous to provide a support which serves to fix the light guide to the panel. Thus, according to another embodiment, a support is provided which is connected to the transparent panel and which maintains the light guide in contact with the face or at a distance from it. FIGURE 3 shows an example of such an embodiment, also in section. The support is provided in the form of a profiled support 17 which has a groove 21 for the light guide 9. This profiled support 17 can also be glued to the face 5 of the transparent panel 3, for example using a clear adhesive. The light guide 9 is introduced into the groove 21 of the profiled support 17, with a view to fixing. The profiled support 17 may comprise locking elements 18, as illustrated, which engage in the light guide 9, when the latter is inserted in the groove 21, and thus fix it. In this embodiment, the light emitted by the light guide passes through the support 17 before entering the transparent panel 3, as shown. In this embodiment, it is advantageous when the profiled support 17 is transparent. However, the profile support 17 can also be designed in such a way that it is not necessary to manufacture it from a transparent material. A profiled support 17 is generally advantageous if, in the event of breakage of the glazing, it is desired to prevent sharp fragments of the light guide 9 from becoming accessible. These fragments will remain fixed in the support 17, so that the risk of injury is reduced. A profiled support 17 is therefore particularly advantageous in combination with a light guide 9 made of glass and, in the case of vehicle glazing, with light guides 9 facing the passenger compartment. An example of this type is shown in FIGURE 4. More generally, without being limited to the example illustrated, a luminous glazing according to the present invention is particularly suitable as vehicle glazing, in particular as roof glazing of a vehicle. FIGURE 4 shows the view from a rear seat in the passenger compartment 25 of a passenger car, up to the roof 26. The luminous glazing 1 is integrated into the roof 26 and is therefore designed as a sunroof. As in the example of FIGURE 3, two light guides 9 are held in profiled supports 17 on face 5 of transparent panel 3. Face 5 defines the inner surface of glazing 1, so that light guides 9 are therefore also arranged inside, but are not visible in this view, since they are guided inside the profile supports 17. Since in the present case the light guides and the profile supports 17 are arranged on the face 5 and at a certain distance from the edge 31 of the transparent panel 3, the configuration of the edge of the roof glazing is not or only marginally influenced by the lighting devices. Therefore, the luminous glazing can be easily combined with existing models for the installation and sealing of glazing in motor vehicles.
    [0088] A profiled support is not necessarily transparent in order to guide the light, emitted by the light guide, into the transparent panel. FIGURE 5 shows an example of a profiled support which can be made of both a transparent material and an opaque material. Contrary to the example of FIGURE 3, the groove 21 of the profiled support 17 here opens towards the transparent panel 3, so that the light can reach the face 5 through the groove 21. The inner surface of the groove 21 can be adapted to reflect light. In this case, the surface can be diffusely reflective or light scattering, or even specularly reflective. In the example shown, the inner surface of the groove 21 is diffusely reflective, as shown by the path of the light ray 20 shown by way of example.
    [0089] The use of a non-transparent material for the profiled support 17 can present several advantages. Thus, the profiled support 17 prevents the light guide 9 from being directly visible when the face 5 faces the observer. A particular advantage resides in the fact that very impact-resistant materials, such as metal, can be used for the profiled support 17. In the embodiment according to FIGURE 5, a rectilinear light guide can be introduced in the direction longitudinal in the profiled support already fixed on the transparent panel 3, for its assembly. It is also possible to first insert the light guide 9 into the profile support 17 and then attach the profile support 17 to the panel 3.
    [0090] According to another embodiment, which is also implemented by way of example in the glazing according to FIGURE 5, a light-blocking element 13 is arranged on face 7 of transparent panel 3, facing each other. -screw face of the light guide 9, and at least partially prevents the light from exiting through the opposite face 7. This is the light which passes through the transparent panel 3 and which emanates from the light guide 9, in particular from the light which emanates from the light guide 9 and which is transmitted through the transparent panel for the first time. The light blocking element 13 prevents the light guide 9 from being directly visible when looking at the face 7. However, the light blocking element 13 can in particular have an additional function. In a preferred embodiment, the light blocking element 13 is designed as a light deflecting element 14 which at least partially deflects incident light in another direction, returning it into the transparent panel 3. In the embodiments of FIGURES 2 and 3, the light guide 9 is optically coupled to the panel, so that part of the light can enter the panel, so that the condition of total internal reflection is fulfilled . Alternatively or additionally, the condition of total internal reflection can also be achieved with a light blocking element which is designed to deflect light. In a simple embodiment, the light blocking element 13 can be adapted to be diffusing or diffusely reflecting, as shown in FIGURE 5. For this purpose, the light blocking element 13 can comprise a light diffusing coating, like the light exit elements 15. It is quite possible to use the same coating for the light blocking element 13 as for the light exit elements 15.
    [0091] The effect of the light blocking member 13 to inject the light emitted from the light guide into the transparent panel is explained using the two light rays 19, 20 shown by way of example. The two light rays pass through the transparent panel 3 at a relatively steep angle and are then incident on the light blocking element 13 on the face 7, which diffuses the light rays in different directions. The scattering causes the light ray 19 to deflect or change direction, so that the condition of total internal reflection is met and the light beam is conducted further into the panel 3. Finally, the light ray 19 is diffused out of the panel transparency 3, after having been diffused again on a light output element 15.
    [0092] In general, without being limited to the example illustrated, it is therefore possible to provide, in one embodiment of the glazing 1, a light deflection element which at least partially deflects the light emanating from the light guide 9 and crossing the transparent panel 3, in the direction of the faces 5, 7, so that the light is guided in the panel 3 by total internal reflection.
    [0093] Depending on the appearance of the luminous glazing which is predetermined or is to be obtained, light blocking elements 13 and/or light exit elements 15 can be advantageously arranged on the faces 5 and/or 7 in an appropriate combination.
    [0094] In the embodiments presented so far, the light was deflected by diffusion to be either injected into the panel, or emitted by the glazing 1 at the level of the light output elements 15. Other elements can also be used to deflect the light. According to one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the light output elements comprise transparent optical elements which each have at least one optically active refractive or reflecting surface.
    [0095] It is also possible to provide, on the side of the transparent panel 3 opposite the light guide 9, a light deflecting element which deflects the light emanating from the light guide 9 and passing through the transparent panel 3, in the direction of the side faces 5 , 7, at least partially, so that the light is guided inside the panel 3 by total internal reflection, and a light deflecting element of this type comprises at least one optically active refractive or reflecting surface, in order to deflect the light in the direction along the transparent panel 3 or along the faces 5, 7, so that the light is guided inside the panel 3 by total internal reflection. Such a light deflecting element 14 is shown in the example of FIGURE 6. In this example, the light deflecting element 14, which also acts as a light blocking element, is made of a prismatic film 27. The prismatic surfaces which extend obliquely with respect to the face 7 are the optically active refractive or reflecting surfaces 28 of the light deflecting element 14. More generally, without being limited to the example illustrated, an embodiment of the invention provides an arrangement with one or more prisms located on the panel 3, opposite the light guide 9, to deflect the light emitted laterally by the light guide in the direction along the panel 3 or of the faces 5, 7. The arrangement can also be created in another way than by attaching a prism film 27, for example by grinding prism-shaped patterns into the face 7, or by attaching rods of individual prisms.
    [0096] Further, some or all of the light output elements 15 may generally also be in the form of transparent elements having an optically active light refracting surface 28. This embodiment is also implemented in the example shown in FIGURE 6. For example, the light output elements 15 may be in the form of lenses, as shown. Structures in the form of prisms are also possible, for example.
    [0097] According to yet another embodiment of the glazing 1, provision is made for at least part of the edge 31 of the transparent panel 3 to be adapted to reflect light, such that the light guided into the panel 3 by total internal reflection and incident on the edge 31 is reflected in the panel 3. This is advantageous for reducing the losses of luminosity due, among other things, to the light coming out on the edge. In the example shown in FIGURE 6, the edge 31 closest to the light guide 9 is provided with a light-reflecting coating 33. It is of course also possible to adapt the entire circumferential edge 31 so as to reflect light. On the other hand, for design or operational reasons, it may also be desirable for the edge 31 to emit light at least in portions. In this case, a coating can be interrupted or omitted. According to yet another embodiment, the light-reflecting coating 33 may extend around the edge 31 to further cover a peripheral area of one or both faces 5, 7, adjacent to the edge 31. A Such light-reflecting edge 31 is shown on the right side of FIGURE 6.
    [0098] According to yet another embodiment, edge 31 may be adapted to reflect guided light into the panel by suitable shaping. Moreover, this reflection can also be a total internal reflection. A correspondingly shaped edge 31 is shown in FIGURE 5. Here edge 31 has two chamfers 37. Light which is incident on the chamfers from the inside is reflected off one chamfer to the opposite chamfer and returned into the panel 3 by the opposite chamfer. A C-cutout with rounded edges also has a similar reflective effect.
    [0099] In order to improve the optical coupling of the light guide 9, the shape of the transverse profile of the light guide 9 can be adapted to the transparent panel 3, in accordance with another embodiment. More specifically, according to a variant, the light guide 9 can be provided with a flattened sheath portion defining a contact surface of the light guide on the transparent panel 3 or opposite the transparent panel 3. FIGURE 7 shows two examples of this embodiment, with a cross-sectional profile shape of the light guide which is matched to the panel 3. The light guide 9 illustrated on the left in FIGURE 7 has a circular cross-section of the core 92, as in the previous examples. The sheath 91 is also round, but it has a flattened sheath portion 97 which defines a contact surface of the light guide 9 on the face 5. In other words, the sheath portion 97 defines a facet on the surface exterior of the coating. However, the light guide 9 can generally also be flattened to such an extent that the flattened portion or facet also intersects the core 92. The core 92 is therefore exposed in the flattened portion. Even in this variant, light can still be conducted by total internal reflection in the core, if the medium adjacent to the core in the flattened part, i.e. the transparent panel or a transparent adhesive used for bonding, has a sufficiently low refractive index.
    [0100] In the example shown on the right, the light guide 9 has an overall shape of angular or polygonal section. The flattened sheath section 97 constituting the contact surface of the light guide 9 on the panel 3 is here defined by one of the faces of the polygon. More specifically, the light guide 9 here has a square section shape, but other shapes are also possible, for example triangular or pentagonal sections. The flattened contact side or the flattened sheath portion makes it possible to obtain good optical coupling of the light guide with the transparent panel 3.
    [0101] For fixing the light guide 9, an adhesive 11, preferably transparent, was again used in the example shown on the left. As a variant or in addition, the example on the right uses a profiled support 17 for holding the light guide 9. More generally, without being limited to the specific example shown, the profiled support 17 can also surround the edge 31 of the panel Transparency 3 as shown. This is advantageous for achieving simple attachment and mounting of the light guide, among other things.
    [0102] FIGURE 8 shows other examples of special shapes of light guides 9. The light guide 9 shown on the left of the panel is not an individual optical fiber as in the previous examples, but a bundle of fibers with a large number of side-emitting optical fibers 90. Each of the fibers 90 includes a core 92 and a sheath 91 which surrounds the core 92. The fibers 90 can be grouped together in a wrap 98. Like an individual optical fiber, the fiber bundle can also be rigid or flexible.
    [0103] More generally, the light guide 9 can also have a non-circular cross-section, including when it is in the form of an individual optical fiber as in the examples of FIGURE 7. In the examples of FIGURE 7, the cross-section is non-circular due to the flattened section of the sheath or a polygonal or angular cross-sectional shape, as in the example shown on the right in FIGURE 7. The example shown on the right in FIGURE 8 also comprises a light guide 9 of non-circular cross-sectional shape. In this case, the light guide 9 has a parabolic or truncated ellipsoidal cross-sectional profile. Here, the term "truncated profile" means that the parabola or ellipse is cut at a certain position, like a parabolic or ellipsoidal reflector, so that a flattened sheath portion 97 results. in the case of such non-circular cross-sections, the diameter is understood as the value of the largest transverse dimension.
    [0104] The profile of the cross section is in particular formed in such a way that the light emitted laterally receives a preferential direction or is partially or completely collimated in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal dimension of the light guide 9. In order to influence the spatial distribution of light in general, for example specifically collimation as in the present case, a reflective coating 99 can be applied to the sheath 91 of the light guide 9. By partial collimation is meant the fact that no beam of parallel rays is produced, but the divergence of the outgoing light is reduced.
    [0105] According to one embodiment, the collimation can be such that the light passes completely or substantially through the transparent panel 3 and is not or only to a lesser extent transmitted by total internal reflection. In this way, directional lighting is obtained, emanating from the light guide.
    [0106] As an alternative or in addition to a reflective coating 99, the profiled support 17 can also have light guiding properties. A simple possibility is to make the profiled support 17 reflective or diffusing or to have it reflect diffusely on its inner surface. This can also be implemented in certain parts of the support, in particular in portions in the form of strips extending in the direction of the length. Another way of directing the light is obtained by at least partial transparency or by portions of the profiled support 17, so that the light emitted by the light guide passes through the profiled support 17 to be emitted towards the outside and/or or to be injected into the transparent panel. An example of this type is taken up by the embodiment according to FIGURE 3.
    [0107] Collimation makes it possible to obtain a particular and preferred direction of light emission. It may also be advantageous for certain lighting applications to obtain a preferential direction oblique with respect to the normal of the transparent panel. One of the technical effects may in particular consist in injecting into the panel 3 a greater proportion of the light emitted, so that this light is guided inside the panel by total internal reflection. According to one embodiment of the glazing 1, the light guide 9 is arranged or optically coupled accordingly to the transparent panel 3, so that the emission of light has a preferential direction oblique with respect to the normal 50 at the surface of face 5. FIGURE 9 shows examples of such arrangements. Both examples are variations of the embodiment of FIGURE 7, on the left side. An individual light guide is provided with an internal light scattering core 940, which has a flattened sheath portion 97 glued to the transparent panel 3 by a transparent adhesive 11. This coupling is advantageous but not mandatory. On the contrary, it is also possible to use any other means of coupling and/or fixing described in this document.
    [0108] In the case of the light guide 9 disposed on the left side of the transparent panel 3 of FIGURE 9, the preferred direction is obtained by an internal core 940 made of light diffusing glass and extending eccentrically inside the heart 92. The light ray 20, as indicated by way of example, would be emitted towards the nearest edge 31 in the case of a central arrangement of the internal heart 940, whereas with the eccentric arrangement, it undergoes a reflection at the interface with the sheath and therefore receives a directional component towards the center of the transparent panel 3. In the example on the right, a reflective coating 99 is applied in the same way as in the example of FIGURE 8, but here only on part of the sheath. This part is inclined with respect to the normal of the face 5 and therefore acts as a reflector which reflects the incident light on the coating, obliquely with respect to the transparent panel 3. This path of the beam is illustrated by way of example by the light ray 19.
    [0109] In the examples illustrated above, the light output elements and the light deflecting element 14 have been implemented as structures applied to the transparent panel 3. However, there are also other options for this purpose. Structures of this type can also be introduced into the material of the transparent panel or into the surface thereof. An example is also shown in FIGURE 9. Some of the light output elements 15 are in the form of a surface relief 150 which is here introduced into one of the faces of the transparent panel 3. A simple form of relief surface 150 is a rough area. However, other structures such as prisms, lenses or facets can also be introduced. Ablative or abrasive processes, such as grinding or etching as well as embossing, can be used for the introduction process.
    [0110] Particularly advantageously, the glazing 1 can also be easily implemented with a curved panel 3. According to another embodiment of the invention, provision is therefore made to curve the transparent panel 3 to produce the glazing 1, then to arrange the light guide 9 on the face 5 so that it follows its curvature. To this end, FIGURE 10 shows a glazing 1 comprising a transparent panel 3 with a curvature in two directions, that is to say a biaxial curvature. The light guide 9 is arranged and fixed on the face 5 of the panel, which has a convex curvature in this example, and follows the curvature of the face 5. The curvature of the panel 3 and the path of the light guide 9 are preferably chosen so that the radius of curvature of the panel 3 along the light guide 9 is at least 500 times greater than the radius of the light guide 9 or, in the case of a light guide comprising a plurality of optical fibers 90 , at least 500 times greater than the fiber radius. This allows a rigid light guide, such as a single fiber with an internal light diffusing core 940, to be attached to the curved face without additional processing, such as hot forming. Of course, adaptation to more strongly curved surfaces is also possible, for example by carrying out bending in the softened state.
    [0111] In general, the light guide 9 can also extend over the face 5, along a line which is curved at least in portions. This means in particular a curve visible in top view of the transparent panel, that is to say with the curvature vector of the line which is perpendicular to the face or which has at least one component perpendicular to the face. By way of example and for purposes of illustration, a curvature vector 35 is indicated on the line along which the light guide 9 extends on the face 5. In the example shown, this line follows the outer contour of the panel 3 at a distance from the edge 31, and the corners of this contour are rounded. Such an arrangement creates an accentuation of the outline of the panel 3 when it is illuminated.
    [0112] In the illustrated example, yet another embodiment is implemented. In this embodiment, the lighting device comprises two light sources which are each coupled to one of the end faces 95, 96. Again, semiconductor light emitters 23 are preferably used. coupling at both ends of the light guide allows for higher light intensities as well as additional color nuances of the emitted light, in the case of light emitters of different colors.
    [0113] A glazing 1 in accordance with the present invention makes it possible to achieve typical luminance values ranging from 300 cd/m2 to 10,000 cd/m2, in particular from 500 to 2,000 cd/m2, by using light-emitting diodes. Depending on the coupling of the light guide 9 to the transparent panel 3 and the arrangement on or at the panel, the geometry of the light guide 9 and the design or the optical effect, for example of the adhesive 11 and/or the support profile 17 and/or the reflective coating 99 and/or the groove 40 and/or the support 42, a total luminous flux I is injected into the panel. The fractions of this luminous flux or light emanating directly from the light guide 9 and transmitted through the panel, I direct , and those guided further into the panel by total internal reflection, I remote , can be set differently. With the paraboloidal light guide as in the example of FIGURE 8, it is possible to directly deliver all the light from the light guide 9, after it has passed through the panel 3.
    [0114] In the other extreme case, all of the light can be injected into the panel. In this case, it is possible to obtain diffused lighting, or else lighting determined solely by the arrangement of the output elements 15. The coupling is preferably carried out so that there is both a direct part of the luminous flux total and part of the total luminous flux which is produced in a distributed manner or at a distance from the light guide. According to one embodiment, provision is made for the light guide to be coupled to the face 5 in such a way that the ratio between the luminous flux emanating directly from the light guide 9 and radiated by the glazing 1, without total internal reflection I direct inside the panel 3, and the luminous flux emitted by the panel, at a distance I remote from the light guide 9, after total reflection, is within a range from I direct /I remote = 0.01 to I direct /I remote = 500, preferably in the range from I direct / I remote = 0.1 to I direct /I remote = 200, particularly advantageously in the range from 0.3 to 10, and in particular from 1 to 15. This means that in the limiting case, either the light emanating from the light guide is transmitted through the panel in a substantially direct way, which gives an essentially linear light line following the geometry of the light guide, for example at I direct /I remote = 500, and the remaining panel area is therefore less illuminated, or the light emitted by the light guide is mainly emitted through the surface of the panel, thus creating an impression of a mainly illuminated surface (with I direct /I remote = 0.01).
    [0115] According to a specific embodiment, the light is emitted mainly after total internal reflection. However, the light guide may remain visible due to direct light emission. In this case, the ratio between the direct light and the light emitted at a distance, after total internal reflection, is in particular from I direct /I remote = 0.1 to I direct /I remote = 10, preferably in the range from from I direct /I remote = 0.25 to I direct /I remote = 0.75. According to another particularly advantageous embodiment, the light directly emitted and the luminous components emitted by the panel 3, close to the light guide, are predominant. This creates a light source that remains substantially linear. Due to the fraction of light that exits at a certain distance from the light guide but remains close to it, a glare effect can be avoided or reduced. In particular, it can be suggested for this purpose that the intensity of the light leaving the panel 3, at a certain distance from the light guide, decreases by a factor of 1/e (1/e = 1/2.71828) to a distance A from the light guide. Thus, at a distance A perpendicular to the longitudinal dimension of the light guide, the luminosity of the light exiting there will be lower by a factor of 1/e than that of the light exiting directly in the immediate vicinity of the light guide, but already after a reflection. This distance can be measured from the center of the light guide and is at most 50 times, preferably at most 20 times, particularly advantageously not more than 10 times the diameter of the light guide. Apart from the arrangement and the density of the elements diffusing the light, this distance can among other things also be influenced by a tint of the panel 3. Consequently, in a more general way, without being limited to the reduction in the intensity light as described above, a tinted panel 3 is provided in accordance with one embodiment. According to one embodiment, the tint can reach at least 10%. This means that 10% of the light passing vertically through panel 3 is absorbed due to the tint.
    [0116] Even though the transparent panel is curved in the example shown in FIGURE 10, the radius of curvature of the panel will be considerably greater than the radius of the light guide. The length of the face perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the light guide 9 can therefore be considered as approximately rectilinear. However, the face can also be given a more pronounced shape. The following FIGURES illustrate examples of this type, in cross-sectional views. In general, without being limited to the examples shown, provision is made, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention, for one of the faces 5, 7 to have a groove or a depression in which the light guide is placed. 9. In the example shown in FIGURE 11, groove 40 has a triangular cross-section. A groove of this type can be made in the transparent panel 3 for example in the form of a faceted cut. As shown, the groove 40 is not so deep that the light guide 9 would be completely lodged therein, so that it continues to protrude from the groove 40 when viewed from the nearest edge 31.
    [0117] On the other hand, this example shows another possibility of fixing the light guide 9. In this example, the light guide is tightened on the side face 5 by fasteners or stirrups 42. Those skilled in the art will easily understand that this embodiment can be implemented in a more general way and can also be used as an alternative or additional fixation for other examples shown in the FIGURES. The groove 40 is useful for fixing, but it is not obligatory.
    [0118] In the example of FIGURE 12, the light guide 9 is this time entirely arranged in the groove 40 and no longer exceeds the latter. The groove 40, for its part, has for example a rectangular cross-section. With such an arrangement, a large part of the light rays emanating from the light diffusing element 94, with a directional component along the face 7, are captured and can be further guided into the panel 3 by total internal reflection.
    [0119] Details regarding the attachment of the light guide 9 have been omitted in this illustration. For example, suitable fasteners or a transparent adhesive can also be used for fixing.
    [0120] In the two examples of FIGURES 11 and 12, only one face has been shaped so as to form a groove 40. Another possibility consists in deforming the whole of the panel 3, so as to form a groove 40 to receive the light guide . An example of this type is represented in FIGURE 13. This example is generally based on a deformation and a curvature of the panel 3, which is such that the two faces have a curvature, this curvature defining the groove 40 on the one of the faces 5, while the opposite face 7 comprises a zone 77 with convex curvature opposite the groove 40.
    [0121] In all the embodiments cited by way of example where the fixing is carried out by other means than with an adhesive, an adhesive or more generally an optical coupling means, such as a suitable resin, may optionally be provided. to improve the optical coupling between the panel and the light guide. This optical coupling means can in particular provide a detachable coupling in order to allow the replacement of the light guide or of the panel. An optical coupling means of this type, preferably in the form of an adhesive or a resin, can in particular be provided in the embodiments of FIGURES 5, 6, 7 (left side), 8 (left side) , 11, 12 and 13, between the surface of the panel and the light guide. For an optical coupling means to fulfill its function, it must have a refractive index greater than that of air, preferably a refractive index of at least 1.3. Without being limited to the specific embodiment examples, it is therefore envisaged, according to one embodiment, to provide a transparent optical coupling means between the light guide and the surface of the panel 3, which establishes a separable connection between the panel 3 and the light guide 9.
    [0122] List of references
    [0123] 1 Glazing
    [0124] 3 Panel
    [0125] 5, 7 Sides of 3
    [0126] 9 Light guide
    [0127] 11 Clear tape
    [0128] 13 Light blocking element
    [0129] 14 Light deflection element
    [0130] 15 Light output element
    [0131] 17 Profile support
    [0132] 18 Locking element
    [0133] 19, 20 Light Beam
    [0134] 21 Groove
    [0135] 22 Lighting device
    [0136] 23 Solid State Light Emitter
    [0137] 25 Interior
    [0138] 26 Pavilion
    [0139] 27 Prism film
    [0140] 28 Refractive or light-reflecting surface
    [0141] 31 edge
    [0142] 33 Light-reflecting coating, of 31
    [0143] 35 Curvature vector
    [0144] 37 Chamfer
    [0145] 40 Groove
    [0146] 42 Stirrup
    [0147] 50 Surface normal to 5
    [0148] 77 Region of 7 with convex curvature
    [0149] 90 fiber optic
    [0150] 91 Sheath of 9
    [0151] 92 Heart of 9
    [0152] 93 Longitudinal dimension of light guide 9
    [0153] 94 Light diffusing element
    [0154] 95, 96 End face of 9
    [0155] 97 Portion of sheath flattened
    [0156] 98 Envelope of 90
    [0157] 99 Reflective Coating
    [0158] 150 Surface relief in the face
    [0159] 940 Light diffusing inner glass core
    [0160] 941 Pore
    [0161] 942 Crystallite or particle
    权利要求:
    Claims (19)
    [0001]
    Luminous glazing (1), comprising: - a panel (3) which is transparent in the visible spectral range and has two opposite faces (5, 7); and - at least one elongated light guide (9), the light guide (9) comprising a core (92) surrounded by a sheath (91), the core having a higher refractive index than the sheath (91), so that the core (92) is able to guide the light along the longitudinal dimension (93) of the light guide (9); in which - the light guide (9) comprises at least one light diffusing element (94) and is thus adapted to ensure that the light guided into the core (92) is diffused outwards in a distributed manner along its longitudinal dimension, so that when light is injected into one of its end faces (95, 96), it acts as a side-emitting light guide and constitutes a linear light source; in which - the light guide (9) extends along the faces (5, 7) and is arranged on one face (5), so that the light diffusing surface (94) is spaced from said face (5), and so that the light guided in the core (92) and diffused on the light diffusing element (94) and exiting laterally from the light guide (9) enters the transparent panel (3 ), through said face (5), and can be transmitted through the panel (3) to the opposite face (7).
    [0002]
    Glazing (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the light guide (9) has at least one of the following properties: - the light diffusing element (94) comprises at least one internal core (940), extending into the core (92), along the longitudinal dimension of the light guide (9), and is preferably made of light-diffusing glass; - the light guide (9) has pores (941) as light diffusing elements (94); - the light guide (9) has crystallites or particles (942) as light scattering elements (94); - the light guide includes phase-separated regions as light diffusing elements (94).
    [0003]
    Glazing (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has at least one of the following properties: - the light guide (9) is glued to the face (5) of the transparent panel (3) using a transparent adhesive (11), so that the light emitted laterally from the light guide (9 ) is directed through the adhesive (11) towards the face (5); - a transparent optical coupling means is provided between the light guide (9) and the surface of the panel (3) and establishes a separable connection between the panel (3) and the light guide (9); - the light guide (9) has a non-circular cross-section, in particular a truncated polygonal or ellipsoidal or truncated parabolic cross-section; - the light guide (9) has a flattened sheath portion (97) which defines a contact surface of the light guide on the transparent panel (3); - the light guide (9) has a diameter in the range from 200 µm to 3 mm; - a ratio between the diameter of the light guide (9) and the thickness of the transparent panel (3) is in the range from 0.01 to 5, preferably in the range from 0.02 to 2.5 ; - the transparent panel (3) has a thickness ranging from 1 mm to 20 mm, preferably from 2.5 mm to 8 mm; - the distance between the light-diffusing zone and the face (5) is within a range from 100 micrometers to 3 millimeters; - the sheath (91) of the light guide (9) has a reflective coating (99) which is applied to influence the light distribution in space; - the light guide (9) extends over the face (5), along a line which is curved at least in certain parts; - the light guide is coupled to the face (5) so that a ratio between the luminous flux emanating directly from the light guide (9) and radiated by the glazing (1), without total internal reflection (I direct ) in the panel (3), and the luminous flux emitted by the panel (I remote ) at a distance from the light guide (9), after total internal reflection, is within a range from I direct /I remote = 0, 01 to I direct /I remote = 500, preferably in the range from I direct /I remote = 0.3 to I direct /I remote = 10; - the intensity of the light emerging from the panel (3), at a distance from the light guide, decreases by a factor of 1/e within a distance, said distance being at most 50 times the diameter of the guide of light (9).
    [0004]
    Pane (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light guide (9) is optically coupled to the face (5), so that part of the light emitted laterally by the guide of light (9) enters the transparent panel (3), so that it is guided in the panel (3) by total internal reflection.
    [0005]
    Glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transparent panel (3) comprises light exit elements (15) which ensure, at least partially, that the light guided by total internal reflection in the panel (3) changes direction, preferably by diffusion, so that light exits the panel (3), or who are excited by the light guided in the panel (3), so as to emit light through fluorescence or phosphorescence.
    [0006]
    Glazing (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a semiconductor light emitter (23) coupled to the light guide (9).
    [0007]
    Glazing (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transparent panel (3) has a curvature and that the light guide (9) is placed on it, so as to follow the curvature of the face (5).
    [0008]
    Glazing (1) according to the preceding claims, characterized in that a radius of curvature of the panel (3), along the light guide (9), is at least 500 times greater than the radius of the light guide (9 ).
    [0009]
    Glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light guide (9) is arranged on the face (5), at a distance from the edge (31) of the transparent panel (3).
    [0010]
    Glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light guide (9) is a single optical fiber or a bundle of fibers comprising a plurality of side-emitting optical fibers.
    [0011]
    Glazing (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a light-blocking element (13) is arranged on the side of the transparent panel (3) opposite the light guide (9), which blocks at least partially the light transmitted by the light guide (9) through the transparent panel (3), to prevent it from exiting through the opposite face (7).
    [0012]
    Pane (1) according to Claim 11, characterized in that the light blocking element (13) is implemented as a light deflecting element which redirects incident light at least partially into a other direction, returning it to the transparent panel.
    [0013]
    Glazing (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light guide is arranged in such a way or is optically coupled to the transparent panel (3) in such a way that the emitted light has a preferred direction which is oblique relative to the surface normal (50) of the face (5).
    [0014]
    Glazing (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a profiled support (17) which is connected to the transparent panel (3) and which keeps the light guide (9) in contact with the face (5) or at a distance from it.
    [0015]
    Glazing (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least part of the edge (31) of the transparent panel (3) is adapted to reflect light, so that the light guided inside of the panel (3), by total internal reflection, and incident on the edge (31) is reflected and sent back into the panel (3).
    [0016]
    Glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the faces (5, 7) has a groove (40) in which the light guide (9) is arranged.
    [0017]
    Glazing (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is in the form of exterior glazing, vehicle glazing, in particular vehicle roof glazing, or roof glazing. building.
    [0018]
    Method of manufacturing a luminous glazing (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises: - the preparation of a panel (3), which is transparent in the visible spectral range and which has two opposite faces (5, 7), and of at least one elongated light guide (9), the light guide ( 9) comprising a core (92) surrounded by a sheath (91), the core having a higher refractive index than the sheath (91), such that the core (92) is able to guide light along the longitudinal dimension (93) of the light guide (9); the light guide (9) comprising at least one light diffusing element (94), such that the light guided into the core (92) is diffusely diffused along its longitudinal dimension, so that when light is injected into one of its end faces (95, 96), it acts as a side-emitting light guide and constitutes a linear light source; and - the positioning and fixing of the light guide (9) on one face (5) of the transparent panel (3), so that the light guide (9) extends along the faces (5, 7) and that the light diffusing area (94) is spaced from said face (5), so that light guided into the core (92) and diffused onto the light diffusing element (94) and exiting laterally of the light guide (9) enters the transparent panel (3) through said face (5) and is transmitted through the panel (3) towards the opposite face (7).Process according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the light guide (9) is glued to the transparent panel (3) using a transparent adhesive (11) or is introduced into a groove (21) of a profiled support (17) to be fixed.
    [0019]
    Method according to one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that the transparent panel (3) is curved and then the light guide (9) is arranged on the face (5) following the curvature of the latter.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102020101813A1|2020-07-30|
    US20200241189A1|2020-07-30|
    DE202020005400U1|2021-01-29|
    CN111487706A|2020-08-04|
    US10901131B2|2021-01-26|
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    法律状态:
    2021-11-12| RX| Complete rejection|Effective date: 20211005 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102019102181|2019-01-29|
    DE102019102181.2|2019-01-29|
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